1、(2025 年全国一卷阅读 B 篇) In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life.
解析：“In my ninth-grade writing class last year” 是介词短语作状语；主句核心结构是 “I met a cowboy..., a strict father..., and a modern-day Juliet...”，三个并列名词短语作 met 的宾语；每个宾语后都接有 who 引导的定语从句，分别修饰对应的先行词；最后一个定语从句中 “after her parents rejected the love of her young life” 是时间状语从句，说明 “悲伤致死” 的原因。
句意：在我去年九年级的写作课上，我遇见了一个拯救了自己家乡的牛仔、一个要求儿子必须拿全优的严父，以及一位因父母反对其初恋而悲伤致死的现代朱丽叶。
2、(2024 年新课标 II 卷阅读 B 篇) “You enter the fare gates and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit—known as BART.
解析：本句是直接引语作宾语的复合句。引语部分是由 and 连接的并列句，第一个分句是 “You enter the fare gates”，第二个分句是 “you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you...”；“that is lit up” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 a kiosk；“it tells you can get...” 中，“you can get...story” 是宾语从句，作 tells 的宾语，省略了连接词 that；“the chief communications officer for...—known as BART” 是同位语，解释说明 Alicia Trost 的身份。
句意：旧金山湾区快速交通系统 (BART) 交通主管 Alicia Trost 说：“你检票进站后就可以看到一个亮灯的小亭，亭子可以向乘客提供一分钟、三分钟或五分钟阅读时长的故事。”
3、(2023 年全国甲卷阅读 C 篇) Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context of one thing they can help us do better.
解析：主句核心结构是“Weiner starts...and then frames...”，两个并列谓语表示动作的先后；“with a scene on a train ride between cities” 是介词短语作状语，说明 start 的方式；“in the context of one thing they can help us do better” 是介词短语作状语，修饰 frames；“they can help us do better” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 one thing，省略了关系代词 that。
句意：Weiner 书中每个章节都开始于一个城市间的火车旅行场景，然后将每位哲学家的思想框架置于他们能帮助我们更好完成的一件事情的背景之中。
4、(2022 年全国甲卷阅读 A 篇) This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会) to do creative things.
解析：主句核心结构是“This special building is a place”；“in which theatre is made” 和 “where children...have the opportunity to do creative things” 是并列的定语从句，修饰先行词 a place，in which 相当于 where；“to do creative things” 是不定式短语作定语，修饰 opportunity。
句意：这座特殊建筑既是戏剧创作的场所，也是儿童、艺术家、作家及其他所有人参与创意活动的空间。
5、(2021 年全国乙卷阅读 B 篇) Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.
解析：“Of those Australians who still have a landline” 是介词短语作状语，其中 “who still have a landline” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 those Australians；主句核心结构是 “a third concede that...”，that 引导宾语从句，从句中包含两个并列分句 “it’s not really necessary” 和 “they’re keeping it as a security blanket”；破折号后是补充说明，包含两个并列分句 “19 percent say they never use it” 和 “a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies”，分别说明不同人群保留座机的情况，“in case of emergencies” 表示 “以备紧急情况”。
句意：在仍然使用座机的澳大利亚人中，三分之一承认座机其实并非必要，而他们保留座机仅仅是当作一种心理安慰——19% 的人表示他们从未使用过座机，另外 13% 的人表示保留座机以备紧急情况。
6、(2020 年全国 II 卷阅读 B 篇) Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
解析：本句是由 but 连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中，if 引导条件状语从句，从句中 “it will help their child” 是宾语从句，作 think 的宾语；第二个分句中，“puzzles help children with math-related skills” 是宾语从句，作 said 的宾语，省略了连接词 that，“help sb. with sth.” 表示 “帮助某人做某事”。
句意：一些家长只要觉得它会对孩子有帮助，便不惜购入各类高科技玩具，但研究人员表示，拼图游戏更能帮助孩子提升数学相关能力。
7、(2019 年全国 Ⅱ 卷阅读 A 篇) There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant.
解析：本句是由 but 连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中，“that didn’t want to love this” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 a bit of me；“when everyone else on the planet did” 是时间状语从句，did 指代 loved this；第二个分句是简单句，说明恐怖小说的特点。
句意：虽然全世界都为之倾倒，我内心却有些抗拒去喜欢恐怖小说，但恐怖小说的确精彩绝伦。
8、(2018 年全国 Ⅱ 卷阅读 B 篇) Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein).
解析：“Of the common berries” 是介词短语作状语，限定比较范围；主句核心结构是 “strawberries are highest in vitamin C”；although 引导让步状语从句，从句中 “because of their seeds” 是介词短语作原因状语；括号内 “not that fruits have much protein” 是补充说明，相当于 “it’s not that fruits have much protein”，表示 “并不是说水果含有大量蛋白质”。
句意：在常见的浆果中，草莓的维生素 C 含量最高，尽管由于种子的原因，蔓越莓含有更多的蛋白质、铁和锌 (并不是说水果含有大量蛋白质)。
9、(2017 年全国 Ⅱ 卷阅读 A 篇) By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.
解析：“By translating...into the physical language of BSL” 是介词短语作方式状语，说明 create 的方式；主句核心结构是 “Deafinitely Theatre creates...and aims to build...”，两个并列谓语表示剧院的两个目标；“between deaf and hearing worlds” 是介词短语作定语，修饰 bridge；“by performing to both groups as one audience” 是介词短语作方式状语，说明 build a bridge 的途径。
句意：通过把《爱的徒劳》那丰富、幽默的文本翻译成手语，Deafinitely 剧院创造了一种对莎士比亚喜剧新的解释，通过向失聪人群和听力健全人群演出，旨在在失聪和有声世界之间搭建一座桥梁。
10、(2016 年全国 Ⅱ 卷阅读 B 篇) His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect (感染) other students.
解析：主句核心结构是“His presence meant that...”，that 引导宾语从句；从句中 “whose creativity would infect other students” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 an unexpected teaching assistant，whose 在从句中作定语，指代 “助教的”。
句意：他的出现意味着课堂上我有一个可遇不可求的助教，他的创新表现会感染其他学生。
11、(2025 年全国一卷阅读 B 篇) When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance—the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human.
解析：When 引导时间状语从句，说明主句动作发生的时间；主句核心结构是 “I walked away with a yearbook”；“full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance” 是形容词短语作定语，修饰 yearbook；破折号后是同位语，解释说明 significance 的内容，其中 “to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us...” 是并列不定式短语作定语，修饰 the ability；“what it means to be human” 是宾语从句，作 teach 的宾语。
句意：当六月的最后一声铃声响起时，我带着写满赠言的毕业纪念册离开，里面字里行间诉说着写作最强大的意义—— 那是一种联结人心的能力，一种让我们代入他人处境的能力，一种教会我们体味何以为人的能力。
12、(2024 年新课标 I 卷阅读七选五) Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.
解析：本句是由 but 连接的并列句。第一个分句是 there be 句型，“plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses” 是主语；第二个分句中 “old-fashioned enough to prefer...” 是形容词短语作表语，“enough to...” 表示 “足够…… 去做……”；“I can leaf through with my fingers” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 a hard cover and pages，省略了关系代词 that，“leaf through” 表示 “翻阅”。
句意：当然，如今虽然有很多在线词典和同义词词典，但我还是足够守旧，更喜欢硬壳封面和可以用手指翻阅纸张的感觉。
13、(2023 年新课标 II 卷阅读 B 篇) More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
解析：More recently 是时间状语；as 引导原因状语从句，说明艺术家使用书籍作为原材料的原因；主句核心结构是 “artists have used them as the raw material for artworks”；破折号后 “transforming covers...into paintings and sculptures” 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，说明使用书籍制作艺术品的具体方式，“transform...into...” 表示 “将…… 转变为……”。
句意：后来，当书籍便宜了甚至可以用后即弃，艺术家们以它们为原材料来制作艺术品—— 将其封皮、页面甚或整本转变为画作和雕塑。
14、(2022 年新高考 II 卷阅读 B 篇) His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them.
解析：主句核心结构是“His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer”，“amuse sb. with sth.” 表示 “用某物逗某人开心”；“which was loaded with colorful pictures” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 a tablet computer；“that come alive when you poke them” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 colorful pictures；从句中 “when you poke them” 是时间状语从句，说明图片 “变活” 的条件。
句意：他的父亲经常用平板电脑逗他玩，那上面的彩色图片一戳就会动起来。
15、(2021 年新高考 II 卷阅读 B 篇) As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they’d get up to mischief.
解析：本句是由 but 和 otherwise 连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中，As 引导时间状语从句，说明 “让它们自由行动” 的前提；第二个分句中，when 引导时间状语从句，主句是 “we had to contain them in a large room”；otherwise 引导结果状语从句，表示 “否则会发生的情况”，“get up to mischief” 表示 “调皮捣蛋”。
句意：随着它们活动能力日益增强，白天我们放任其在屋内自由行动，但当我们睡觉后，我们不得不把它们关在一个大房间里，以防它们会调皮捣蛋。
16、(2020 年全国 III 卷阅读 B 篇) The creative team behind “Apes” used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor’s performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像).
解析：主句核心结构是“The creative team behind ‘Apes’ used motion-capture technology to create digitalized animals”，“behind ‘Apes’” 是介词短语作定语，修饰 the creative team；“to create digitalized animals” 是不定式短语作目的状语；“spending tens of millions of dollars on technology...” 是现在分词短语作伴随状语；“that records an actor’s performance and later processes it...to create a final image” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 technology，从句中两个并列谓语表示技术的作用，“to create a final image” 是不定式短语作目的状语。
句意：《猩球崛起》背后的创意团队使用动作捕捉技术来创建数字化动物，花费数千万美元用于记录演员表演并通过计算机图形处理以生成最终图像的技术。
17、(2019 年全国 Ⅲ 卷阅读 A 篇) Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star’s love during a cross-country train journey.
解析：主句核心结构是“Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy”；“by Betty Comden and Adolph Green” 是介词短语作定语，修饰 the musical comedy；“about a Broadway producer...” 是介词短语作定语，补充说明喜剧的内容；“who tries to win a movie star’s love during a cross-country train journey” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 a Broadway producer，“during a cross-country train journey” 是时间状语。
句意：Kristin Chenoweth 和 Peter Gallagher 主演了 Betty Comden 和 Adolph Green 创作的音乐喜剧，讲述了一位百老汇制片人在一次横跨全国的火车旅行中试图赢得一位电影明星的爱情的故事。
18、(2018 年全国 Ⅲ 卷阅读 A 篇) The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.
解析：主句核心结构是“The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show...”，“with a great show of the very best of gardening” 是介词短语作方式状语；“making it one of the most popular events in gardening” 是现在分词短语作结果状语，it 指代 the event，“one of the most popular events” 是宾语补足语。
句意：这次活动为了庆祝它的 22 周年，展示了最好的园艺，使其成为园艺中最受欢迎的活动之一。
19、(2017 年全国 Ⅲ 卷阅读 C 篇) Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.
解析：主句核心结构是“Many farmers opposed the plan”；because 引导原因状语从句，说明反对计划的原因；从句中 “that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets” 是宾语从句，作 feared 的宾语。
句意：许多农民反对该计划，因为他们担心灰狼会杀死他们的家畜或宠物。
20、(2016 年全国 Ⅲ 卷阅读 C 篇) To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.
解析：“To people who are used to...in supermarkets” 是介词短语作状语，其中 “who are used to...in supermarkets” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 people，“such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala” 举例说明 limited choice of apples；主句核心结构是 “it can be quite an eye opener to see...”，it 是形式主语，真正主语是 “to see the range of classical apples still in existence”；“such as Decio which was grown by the Romans” 举例说明 classical apples，“which was grown by the Romans” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 Decio，“eye opener” 表示 “令人大开眼界的事物”。
句意：对于那些习惯于超市里有限的苹果品种如 Golden Delicious 和 Royal Gala 的人们来说，能看到大量经典品种仍然存世确实令人大开眼界，比如罗马人曾经种植的 Decio。
21、(2025 年全国一卷阅读七选五) One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her.
解析：主句核心结构是“One thing Murphy may not know is that...”，“Murphy may not know” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 One thing，省略了关系代词 that；that 引导表语从句，从句中包含两个并列谓语 “is contagious” 和 “can be the difference”；“in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her” 是介词短语作定语，修饰 the difference，其中 “having a much better day” 是现在分词短语作定语，修饰 a student，“than they were having before seeing her” 是比较状语从句。
句意：Murphy 或许不知道的一件事是，她的微笑具有感染力，而且可能使某位学生的这一天变得比见到她之前要好得多。
22、(2024 年新课标 II 卷阅读七选五) The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.
解析：主句核心结构是“The friend needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands”；“who is remaining” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 The friend；“placed on the friend who has moved” 是过去分词短语作定语，修饰 all the additional time demands；“who has moved” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the friend。
句意：留在原地的朋友需要对已经离开的朋友所要求的额外时间保持敏感。
23、(2023 年全国乙卷阅读 B 篇) Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes.
解析：Although 引导让步状语从句，从句中 “either farm fields or highways” 是并列名词短语，补充说明 landscapes 的类型；主句核心结构是 “sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes”，“in the hills or lakes” 是介词短语作地点状语。
句意：尽管中西部的景观往往非常相似，要么是农田，要么是公路，但我有时会在山丘或湖泊中发现独特的风貌。
24、(2022 年全国乙卷阅读 C 篇) That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
解析：主句核心结构是“That is the very likely future of...”；“of applying today’s ‘eyes in the sky’ technology to making sure that...” 是介词短语作定语，修饰 future；“applying...to making sure that...” 表示 “将…… 应用于确保……”；that 引导宾语从句，作 making sure 的宾语，从句中 “worldwide” 是形容词作定语，修饰 rail tracks and infrastructure，“on a 24/7 basis” 表示 “全天候、昼夜不停”。
句意：将当今的“空中之眼” 技术应用于确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道与基础设施昼夜安全运转，这极有可能成为未来的发展方向。
25、(2021 年全国甲卷阅读 B 篇) It’s still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.
解析：本句是由 but 连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中 “too cold for them to go out into the open” 是形容词短语作表语，“too...to...” 表示 “太…… 而不能……”；第二个分句中，as soon as 引导时间状语从句，主句核心结构是 “I have no doubt that...”，that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 doubt 的内容，“out and about” 表示 “外出活动”。
句意：对它们来说，外面还是有点冷，但一旦天气回暖，我毫不怀疑这小家伙每天都会出去探索玩耍。
26、(2020 年全国 I 卷阅读 B 篇) It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader.
解析：主句核心结构是“It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now”，it 指代前文提到的内容；“what one contributes to the now” 是宾语从句，与 the now 并列作 about 的宾语；because 引导原因状语从句，说明主句内容的原因，“give and take” 表示 “双向互动、互谅互让”。
句意：这关乎当下以及个人对当下的贡献，因为阅读是作者与读者之间的双向互动。
27、(2019 年全国 Ⅰ 卷阅读 A 篇) If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
解析：if 引导条件状语从句，从句中 “living in certain parts of the province” 是现在分词短语作定语，修饰 a teenager；主句核心结构是 “you could be eligible for this program”；“which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 this program，“along with training” 表示 “连同培训一起”。
句意：如果你是居住在该省特定地区的青少年，你可能符合条件参加这个项目，该项目提供八周带薪就业和培训。
28、(2018 年全国 Ⅰ 卷阅读 B 篇) In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day.
解析：“In Save Money: Good Food” 是介词短语作状语，说明活动的名称；主句核心结构是 “she visits...and offers top tips...”，两个并列谓语表示她的行为；“with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt” 是介词短语作状语，说明提供建议的借助力量；“on how to reduce food waste” 是介词短语作定语，修饰 top tips；“while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day” 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，省略了主语 she 和 be 动词 is。
句意：在《Save Money: Good Food》节目中，她每周探访一个家庭，并在厨师 Matt Tebbutt 的协助下，为每个家庭准备每天花费不到 5 英镑的食谱，同时提供如何减少食物浪费的高招。
29、(2017 年全国 Ⅰ 卷阅读 A 篇) It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations.
解析：主句核心结构是“It’s an amazing accomplishment and one...”，one 指代 accomplishment，与 an amazing accomplishment 并列作表语；“we cannot achieve without generous support from...” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 one，省略了关系代词 that；“without generous support from...” 表示 “没有…… 的慷慨支持”，双重否定表肯定。
句意：这是一个惊人的成就，一个没有来自个人、公司和其他社会组织的慷慨的支持我们就不可能取得的成就。
30、(2016 年全国 Ⅰ 卷阅读 B 篇) Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.
解析：本句是由 but 连接的并列句。第一个分句中，“wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices” 是并列谓语，表示祖父母的意愿；第二个分句中，it 是形式主语，真正主语是 “to say no and visit frequently instead”，“instead” 表示 “取而代之”。
句意：几乎每个祖父母都想和自己的孙子住在一起并愿意做出牺牲，但有时拒绝而取而代之以经常探访更为明智。
31、(2025 年全国二卷读后续写) Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did.
解析：Every time 引导时间状语从句，相当于 whenever，说明主句动作发生的频率；主句核心结构是 “I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times”；how to pronounce my name 是 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构，作 explain 的宾语；yet 引导转折状语从句，表示 “然而”；“the way I did” 是方式状语，修饰 say it，I did 指代 pronounced my name。
句意：每次我做自我介绍时，都得教别人念我的名字至少五遍，可他们依然无法像我那样正确发音。
32、(2024 年 1 月浙江卷完形填空) The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as opposed to a restaurant where the service is impersonal, the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no surprise.
解析：主句核心结构是“The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom”，“enable sb. to do sth.” 表示 “使某人能够做某事”，“with a great deal of freedom” 是介词短语作状语；“as opposed to a restaurant” 表示 “与餐馆相反”，作对比状语；“where the service is impersonal, the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no surprise” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 a restaurant，从句中三个并列分句描述餐馆的特点。
句意：这个平台使 Ribeiro 能够在极大的自由度下实现她的梦想，而不像餐馆那样 —— 服务冷漠、菜单预先设定，饭菜也毫无惊喜可言。
33、(2023 年新课标 I 卷阅读七选五) It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.
解析：主句核心结构是“It might be the time”；“when you helped a friend with their homework”、“when you did the ironing without being asked” 和 “when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day” 是三个并列的定语从句，修饰先行词 the time；第三个从句中 “after the family had had a tiring day” 是时间状语从句，说明烘焙饼干的时间背景。
句意：这可能是在你帮助朋友温习功课时，可能是在你主动熨烫衣物时，抑或是在家人们经历疲惫的一天后你烘焙饼干时。
34、(2022 年新高考 I 卷阅读七选五) Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age.
解析：主句核心结构是“Her notice included...”；宾语部分由三个并列成分组成：宾语从句 “what kind of training she wanted to do”、并列宾语从句 “how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session” 以及名词短语 her age，共同作 included 的宾语。
句意：她的通知中包括了她想做什么样的训练、每周多少天、每节课想花多少小时，以及她的年龄。
35、(2021 年新高考 I 卷完形填空) It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break, for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.
解析：主句核心结构是“It happened that...”，it 是形式主语，真正主语是 that 引导的主语从句；从句中 “downtown” 是形容词作定语，修饰 the plant；“for temporary help during our spring break” 是介词短语作状语；“for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 our spring break，for which 相当于 for our spring break，“beyond listening to my favorite records” 表示 “除了听我最喜欢的唱片外”。
句意：碰巧在我们春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，而我除了听我最喜欢的唱片外，并没有其他安排。
36、(2020 年新高考 II 卷阅读 B 篇) Then I would try to remember the different possessions I supposedly had taken away—since I seldom actually kept them.
解析：主句核心结构是“Then I would try to remember the different possessions”；“I supposedly had taken away” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the different possessions，省略了关系代词 that；破折号后 since 引导原因状语从句，说明 “努力回想” 的原因，“supposedly” 表示 “名义上、据称”。
句意：这时我就会努力回想自己名义上没收过的各种物品—— 毕竟我很少真的保留这些东西。
37、(2019 年全国 Ⅱ 卷阅读 C 篇) He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he’s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction.
解析：主句核心结构是“He likes that...”，that 引导宾语从句；从句中 “can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper” 是并列谓语，表示他喜欢的行为；“with whom he’s on a first-name basis” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the barkeeper，with whom 相当于 with the barkeeper，“on a first-name basis” 表示 “直呼其名、关系亲密”；if 引导条件状语从句，说明聊天的前提。
句意：他喜欢可以安静地坐着查看手机，或者如果他想要一点交流，可以与酒保聊天，他们之间已经直呼其名。
38、(2018 年全国 Ⅱ 卷阅读 C 篇) Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.
解析：主句核心结构是“Data shows that...”，that 引导宾语从句；从句中 “who do read frequently” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 kids and teens，do 表示强调；“compared to infrequent readers” 是过去分词短语作状语，进行对比；从句谓语是 have，宾语是四个并列成分：“more books in the home”、“more books purchased for them”（过去分词短语作定语）、“parents who read more often” 和 “parents who set aside time for them to read”（两个 who 引导的定语从句修饰 parents）。
句意：数据显示，与不常阅读的孩子相比，经常阅读的孩子和青少年家中有更多的书，为他们购买的书籍更多，父母更常阅读，并且父母会为他们留出阅读时间。
